Billabong Case Study

Presentation Billabong International Limited (BBG) produces surf wear, sports attire and adornments for the surf, skate and snowboard markets (Macquarie, 2012). The firm recorded a 18. 4% decline in net benefit to A$119. 1 million out of 2011 (Billabong Shareholder Review 2010/2011). After exceptional procurement endeavors, which saw Billabong purchasing more than 11 brands (Appendix A), the organization had to experience a significant rebuilding, shutting down 150 stores and eliminating 400 positions around the world (AAP, Feb 2012).The report will break down the Billabong brand, explicitly its surf wear in Australia, to recognize the hidden pivotal issues that must be tended to. Current chances and dangers that Billabong can use on will be organized, at that point weighed against the firm’s inward qualities and shortcomings so as to expand deals. Arrangements in accordance with Billabong’s strategic endeavoring to set new benchmarks through energetic way of life brand s and encounters will be investigated. Circumstance Analysis and Problem IdentificationTo distinguish the key issues and openings that Billabong is confronting, an investigation was directed on the accompanying five zones. Supplement B shows the merged rundown of issues Billabong faces. 1. Clients (Appendix C) The Customer Experience Cycle was utilized to distinguish key open doors, for example, improving the Purchase setting through more prominent intuitiveness with clients. Another open door was to advance an eco-accommodating approach to discard utilized items while picking up remunerations. 2. Contenders and Context (Appendix D, E and F)A PEST investigation of the Australian market uncovers a segment move to the under - 15s market (Euromonitor 2012), which was an open door for Billabong to target. Utilizing Porter’s Five Forces (Appendix E), a Positioning Map and Competitor Threat Analysis (Appendix F) to break down the boardsport business affirmed that opposition from a couple of huge surf brands was high and that all had a solid brand following and featured the need to separate its items from them. 3. Organization (Appendix G) The Balanced Scorecard was utilized to gauge Billabong’s performance.They had high brand attention to 86% in Australia however a lower change pace of 46% (Billabong 2012), which presents a chance to focus on those effectively mindful of Billabong. 4. Teammates (Appendix H) Billabong still can't seem to investigate the chance to â€Å"unsource†, taking into consideration client joint efforts in structuring boardshorts. Another region to investigate could be coopetition with surf brands to handle issues which influence the surf wear industr y. Through a chance and danger framework, the merged arrangements of issues were organized. Opportunity Matrix Threat MatrixThose with the most elevated likelihood of accomplishment and allure in the Opportunity Matrix and those with most noteworthy likelihood of event and ear nestness in the Threat Matrix were mulled over as key issues. Those picked were the most problems that are begging to be addressed that Billabong would have the option to address with a decent possibility of achievement. Key Issues/Opportunities Key Objectives Undifferentiated surf wear items To deliver another product offering that is among contenders not accessible by other surf wear marks by 2013. Low transformation rate regardless of high brand To expand change rate to 52% and mindfulness brand reliability by 7% by 2014.Surf wear is declining in ubiquity as a To resuscitate the fame of surf wear as type of easygoing attire because of expanding easygoing wear and increment deals by 10% accessibility of less expensive options from the 34% of Active Lifestyle customers. Australians are progressively To make an earth neighborly naturally cognizant item extend by end of 2012. Moving socioeconomics to under 15s Create exercises for buyers under 15s to collect half brand mindfulness by 2014. Arrangement Scenarios and Implications Solutions to the recognized key issues/openings were assembled from the Active SWOT, ERRC Grid and CEC (Appendix I, J, C).The What if investigation (Appendix K) was utilized to solidify the arrangements. Dynamic SWOT Scenario 1 Building another Billabong Customer Experience Key Issues Addressed With the principle goal of expanding transformation rate by 6%, Billabong physical stores will be patched up to offer 1. Low change rate regardless of another surf understanding for clients. high brand mindfulness The Sense Value, from the CEC, is a significant factor 2. Undifferentiated surf wear items among contenders 3. Moving socioeconomics to under 15s in the retail experience as invigorating the five detects makes it be noteworthy and engaging.As recognized in the ERRC matrix, Billabong Surf Villages will be built at well known surf sea shores to be nearer to likely clients. A surf school will be made to allow under multi year old clients ri ding exercises and to acquaint them with Billabong’s items through a starter pack. Intuitiveness and a multisensory involvement with physical stores will be actualized through surfboard test systems so clients can attempt how their clothing feels like while surfing. Surf devotees will be employed as deals partners to spread the energy of surfing to clients and to expand retail mastery †a shortcoming featured in he Active SWOT. Situation 2 Differentiating Billabong’s surf wear items Key Issues Addressed Differentiate Billabong’s surf wear through worth including instead of decreasing cost. Reversible boardshorts (one 1. Undifferentiated surf wear items among contenders side including a proper structure and the other a pleasant plan) will be presented as a primary separating point from rivals in the market. Low change rate regardless of high brand attention To gain by the independence of surfers, their Self Esteem Value, customization of clothing will be 3. S urf wear is declining in notoriety as a type of easygoing ntroduced through Billabong’s internet business website and boutique stores. attire because of expanding accessibility of less expensive To make restrictiveness and decrease over-gracefully, Billabong choices can lessen the amount per assortment and increment the recurrence of assortments to stay aware of patterns. Joint efforts with notable style creators, superstars or star surfers can be investigated for constrained version ranges. Billabong can present a client advancement stage, where clients give criticism or submit structures through their web based business website and physical stores. This guarantees styles stay applicable. A CRM framework can e introduced to follow customers’ buys and anticipate fruitful assortments. Situation 3 Incorporating Environmental Sustainability to accomplish an upper hand Key Issues Addressed 1. Australians are progressively naturally cognizant Billabong will either participa te in a coopetition with a provider or contender to put resources into green innovative work for the surf wear industry. The brand can likewise depend on its quality of unrivaled exploration and 2. Undifferentiated surf wear advancement aptitudes featured in the Active SWOT. items among contenders A creative method to draw in clients and 3. Surf wear is declining in ifferentiate themselves from rivals in the fame as a type of easygoing Disposal Context (from the CEC) is to dispatch an attire because of expanding ecological removal program for Billabong accessibility of less expensive wetsuits and boardshorts. It would permit clients to options reuse their pre-owned ones in return for a rebate on their next buy. Billabong could receive a green methodology from strategic policies to the plan of the physical retail outlets. These arrangements would propel ecologically cognizant buyers to buy their items regardless of whether it is more costly than easygoing wear alternatives.Scenario 4 Transformational Strategy Key Issues Addressed Billabong expects to concentrate on item and experience to 1. Undifferentiated surf wear items among contenders claim to the activity sports center and dynamic way of life fragment (Billabong, 2012). It will concentrate on rearranging its business by eliminating style duplications and Low change rate in spite of influence on the Billabong brand to decipher the high brand mindfulness client experience across channels including their web based business and physical store. Client experiences examination will be embraced. Client driven advancement ability will likewise be mplemented. Its retail locations will be patched up to be more client driven and retailing IT frameworks will be refreshed to accumulate more client bits of knowledge through its place of deals. The absence of retail aptitude will likewise be tended to. Suggestion and Justification This lattice organizes which of the 4 situations from Billabong is progressively dire and w hich would have a more prominent effect upon the organization. We can see that Scenario 2 is appraised high in criticalness and high in possible effect. Hence it is suggested that Billabong lead a point by point arranging and execution of this situation immediately.This is dire on the grounds that Billabong’s product offering is the center of it’s business; if it’s items are not appealing, making different procedures ought to be auxiliary. Besides, a Risk and Return Analysis (Appendix L) on the suggested arrangement shows that the profits are a lot higher than the dangers in question. Surf wear brands appear to be comparable because of constrained styles. Clients have low exchanging costs and can without much of a stretch buy another surf brand or quick style brand. Nonetheless, with separated items, for example, reversible boardshorts, Billabong offers more prominent incentive at its current price.Furthermore, separated items would prompt an expanded transforma tion rate among clients once they see the incentive in buying Billabong’s items over others. Expenses acquired to produce such boardshorts are high; a financial plan of $1. 5 million was allotted. A few factors that Billabong needs to consider are the specific types of gear, cleanliness (I. e. shorts must be protected and

Using Shaping to Mold Child Behavior

Utilizing Shaping to Mold Child Behavior Forming (otherwise called progressive estimation) is an instructing strategy that includes an instructor compensating a youngster as she or he effectively improves the obtaining of an objective aptitude. Molding is viewed as a fundamental procedure in instructing in light of the fact that conduct can't be compensated except if it initially happens. Molding is expected to lead kids toward fitting complex conduct, and afterward reward them as they complete each progressive advance. Best Practices for Behavior Shaping Initial, an instructor needs to distinguish the understudies qualities and shortcomings around a particular ability, and afterward break the expertise into a progression of steps that lead a kid toward that target. On the off chance that the focused on aptitude is having the option to compose with a pencil, a youngster may experience issues holding a pencil. A fitting assistive advance savvy system may begin with the instructor setting their hand over the childs hand, showing to the kid the right pencil handle. When the kid accomplishes this progression, they are compensated and the subsequent stage is embraced. The initial step for another understudy who is uninterested recorded as a hard copy yet likes to paint may be giving the understudy a paint brushâ and remunerating the work of art of a letter. For each situation, you are helping a kid surmised the geology of the conduct you need with the goal that you can strengthen that conduct as the youngster develops and creates. Forming may require an educator to make an assignment investigation of the ability so as to make a guide for molding the conduct or meeting the last aptitude objective. All things considered, it is likewise basic for the educator to display the molding convention for study hall para-experts (instructors assistants) with the goal that they recognize what approximations are fruitful and which approximations should be cleared and retaught. In spite of the fact that this may appear to be a meticulous and moderate procedure, the progression and prize procedure profoundly inserts the conduct in the understudies memory, with the goal that the person will probably rehash it. History Molding is a procedure that emerged from behaviorism, a field of brain science built up by B.F. Skinner and dependent on the connection among practices and their support. Skinner accepted that practices should be fortified by explicit favored things or food, yet can be likewise matched with social support like recognition. Behaviorism and social hypotheses are the establishments of applied conduct analysis (ABA), which is utilized effectively with youngsters who fall some place on the medically introverted range. Albeit regularly thought to be unthinking, ABA has the benefit of permitting the advisor, instructor, or parent to investigate the particular conduct, as opposed to concentrate on an ethical part of the conduct (as in Robert should realize that its wrong!). Molding isn't confined to showing procedures with medically introverted kids. Skinner himself utilized it to instruct creatures to perform undertakings, and advertising experts have utilized forming to build up inclinations in a clients shopping practices. Models Maria utilized forming to assist Angelica with figuring out how to take care of herself autonomously, by helping Angelica utilize the spoon hand over hand - moving to contact Angelicas wrist until Angelica was at long last ready to get her spoon and eat from her bowl independently.While instructing Robert to utilize the latrine freely to pee, his mom, Susan, saw that he experienced issues pulling up his jeans. She chose to shape this progression in her assignment examination by adulating and fortifying his capacity to pull his jeans up to his knees, at that point loosening up the versatile abdomen to complete the progression, and afterward helping Robert by utilizing hand over hand to finish the pulling up pants step.One molding test that Skinner led was the point at which he and his partners chose to show a pigeon to bowl. The objective assignment was to get the feathered creature to send a wooden ball down a smaller than usual rear entryway toward a lot of toy pins, by swiping the ball with a sideward development of its mouth. The scientists initially strengthened any swipe that seemed as though what they had at the top of the priority list, at that point fortified any that approximated what they needed, and inside a couple of moments, they had succeeded. One way current advertisers utilize forming is to give a free example of an item and remember a coupon for the enormous markdown for the price tag. In the principal buy, the purchaser would discover a coupon for a littler markdown, etc, until the customer no longer needs the impetuses and has set up the ideal conduct. Sources Koegel, Robert L. Evaluating and Training Teachers in the Generalized Use of Behavior Modification with Autistic Children, Dennis C. Russo, Arnold Rincover, Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, Wiley Online Library, 1977. Peterson, Gail B. A Day of Great Illumination: B. F. Skinners Discovery of Shaping. Diary of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 10.1901/jeab.2004.82-317, National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine, November 2004, Bethesda, MD. Rothschild, Michael L. Conduct Learning Theory: Its Relevance to Marketing and Promotions. Diary of Marketing, William C. Gaidis, Vol. 45, No. 2, Sage Publications, Inc., JSTOR, Spring 1981.

Blog Archive Dartmouth College (Tuck) Essay Analysis, 20112012

Blog Archive Dartmouth College (Tuck) Essay Analysis, 2011â€"2012 If you are stressed about applying to Tuck, you may want to take a moment to read our exclusive interview with Director of Admissions Dawna Clarke.  Ms. Clarke is known for her openness, enthusiasm and generally encouraging/laid back approach to admissions. You should feel better after coming to understand that through the application process, the Tuck admissions committee is just trying to get to know you as an individual and assess your fit with their schoolâ€"not looking for reasons to “ding” you. 1. Why is an MBA a critical next step toward your short- and long-term career goals? Why is Tuck the best MBA program for you? (If you are applying for a joint or dual degree, please explain how the additional degree will contribute to those goals.) Because Personal Statements are similar from one application to the next, we have produced the mbaMission Personal Statement Guide, which helps applicants write this style of essay for any school. We offer this guide to candidates free of charge, via our online store. Please feel free to download your copy today. For a thorough exploration of Tuck’s academic program/merits, defining characteristics, crucial statistics, social life, academic environment and more, please check out the mbaMission Insider’s Guide to the Tuck School of Business at Dartmouth. 2. Discuss your most meaningful leadership experience. What did you learn about your own individual strengths and weaknesses through this experience? As you consider your options for this essay, keep in mind that your “most meaningful” leadership experience may notâ€"and need notâ€"be the one in which you produced the greatest end results. Note that Tuck is asking here for meaning, not impact. So, the experience you choose to discuss can be one in which you challenged yourself and put forth your greatest effort, leaving your comfort zone and diversifying your skills, even if the results were negligible. What you learned from this experience is what is crucialâ€"particularly with regard to your “strengths and weaknesses”â€"and thus you will need to show that you have given a significant amount of thought to the experience and uncovered some personal and revealing takeaways. Note: One mistake that many candidates make when responding to this question is offering a profound story of success and then, at the very end, mentioning some trivial weakness. Your essay needs to clearly present and spell out your weaknesses (and strengths) within the context of the greater story you are sharing. Tuck is interested in learning about how these characteristics of yours played a part in the significant experience you are relaying; you cannot simply include some arbitrary reference to a weakness that is not validated by your actions. 3. Describe a circumstance in your life in which you faced adversity, failure, or setback. What actions did you take as a result and what did you learn from this experience? In its application essays, Harvard Business School wants to hear about three setbacks you have faced. Michigan Ross wants to know about a time when you were frustrated or disappointed and also gives you the option of writing an essay about an obstacle you have encountered. UC-Berkeley Haas wants you to discuss a situation in which you were a student of your own failure. And in this case, Tuck wants to know about a time when you experienced adversity, failure or a setback. This trend seems to indicate thatbusiness school admissions committees want to know that today’s MBA students can roll with the punches and are problem solvers capable of learning from life’s challengesâ€"not entitled or spoiled individuals just looking for a quick way to advance their careers. A strong essay response to this question will start by describing how the stage was set for a success of some kind but then show how that success was derailed in a swift manner. Without asking for pity, you need to make the reader truly understand your intense feelings of disappointmentâ€"even feel somewhat crushed themselves by the story of your experienceâ€"and offer honest reflection on how you grew as a result, ideally by presenting clear evidence of change. Don’t be afraid to leave yourself exposed to criticism; in asking this question, the admissions committee is seeking an honest answer. They will not be interested in someone who blames others and can’t be honest about his/her own role in a negative situation. 4. Tuck seeks candidates of various backgrounds who can bring new perspectives to our community. How will your unique personal history, values, and/or life experiences contribute to the culture at Tuck? Tuck’s essay question four is quite broad; within “personal history, values, and/or life experiences,” you have a great deal of range. So, you can develop one or two significant themes, drawing from your life experiences, and then relate them directly to certain components of the Tuck experience (clubs, research centers, courses, conferences, competitions, etc.). This essay offers you the opportunity not only to highlight your most exceptional attributes but also to convey just how well you know the school by clearly illustrating connections between these unique aspects of your profile and specific elements of the Tuck MBA program. By thus demonstrating a true understanding of your personal connection with the school and communicating how your strengths could benefit the entire Tuck community, you will complete the essay portion of your application on a very compelling note. 5. (Optional) Please provide any additional insight or information that you have not addressed elsewhere that may be helpful in reviewing your application (e.g., unusual choice of evaluators, weaknesses in academic performance, unexplained job gaps or changes, etc.). Complete this question only if you feel your candidacy is not fully represented by this application. However tempted you might be, this is not the place to paste in a strong essay from another school or to offer a few anecdotes that you were unable to use in any of your other essays. Instead, this is your opportunity, if needed, to address any lingering questions that an admissions officer may have about your candidacy, such as a poor grade or overall GPA, a low GMAT score, a gap in your work experience, etc. In our mbaMission Optional Statement Guide, available through our online store, we offer detailed advice on when and how to take advantage of the optional essay (including multiple sample essays) to help you mitigate any problem areas in your profile. 6. (To be completed by all reapplicants) How have you strengthened your candidacy since you last applied? Please reflect on how you have grown personally and professionally. Whether you have improved your academic record, received a promotion, begun a new and exciting project, increased your community involvement or taken on a personal challenge of sorts, the key to success with this essay is conveying a very deliberate path of achievement. Tuck wants to know that you have been actively striving to improve and that you have seized opportunities during the previous year to do so, because a Tuck MBA is vital to you. The responses to this essay question will vary greatly from one candidate to the next, because each person’s needs and experiences differ. We are more than happy to provide one-on-one assistance with this highly personal essay to ensure that your efforts over the past year are presented in the best light possible. Share ThisTweet 2011-2012 Dartmouth College (Tuck) MBA Essay Analysis

President John F. Kennedy - 968 Words

On January 20, 1961, President John F. Kennedy was sworn into office and made one of the most famous inaugural addresses in our country’s history. In his inaugural address, Kennedy spoke of the United States making some sort change in the world. Kennedy not only called upon Americans, but also others from different nations asking for their support in joining in peace for mankind’s success. Kennedy encouraged citizens to defend their freedom and presented his ideals for presidency for a time of change. In his speech, Kennedy gives the citizens of the United States a sense of safety which reassured them of the strengths of the nation and persuaded them to help serve their country. In his inaugural address, John F. Kennedy establishes ethos by verifying his credibility for presidency. â€Å"†¦we observe today not a victory of party, but a celebration of freedom – symbolizing an end, as well as a beginning – signifying renewal, as well as change.† Kennedy states that his victory should not be seen as a win for a political party, but the beginning of change. Kennedy shows that he is a daring leader when he says, â€Å"In the long history of the world, only a few generations have been granted the role of defending freedom in its hour of maximum danger. I do not shrink from this responsibility – I welcome it.† He proves that he can take on the challenge of leading the country, even through difficult situations. Kennedy will not back down from the responsibility to defend freedom and toShow MoreRelatedPresident John F. 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What, as close as can be collected from the existing reports, are the circumstances surrounding JFK s death toRead MorePresident John F. Kennedy1126 Words   |  5 Pages You know when you say something important or say you will make a change in life for the better, but sometimes you can’t follow through? Well with president John F. Kennedy he inspired much to people with all his speeches but never had the opportunity to follow through when he died so early. With Kennedy,they state that he was more talk than action. He traveled crazy with his wife to make his speeches for people to re-elect him because all the good things he could change in the U.S. He inspiredRead MorePresident John F. Kennedy883 Words   |  4 PagesToday was the day, today November 22, 1963 was the day I was going to meet my all-time favorite presidents John Fitzgerald Kennedy, better known by his initials, JFK. 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The Most Misguided Reading Is Historical Roots Of Our...

The most misguided reading was Historical Roots of our Ecological Crisis by Lynn White. This was one of the first pieces we read and I didn’t realize my distaste for her stance on how to fix the ecological crisis until after reading and discussing many of the other works throughout the semester. The other works opened my eyes to different views that could be taken based on history and the predicted future. They made me realize how misguided Lynn White was in her description of, not only, the problem causing the ecological crisis, but also the only way to fix said crisis. Mr. White believed religion, specifically Christianity, was the root to the entire ecological crisis today. He states that â€Å"†¦ecology is deeply conditioned by beliefs about our nature and destiny- that is, by religion.† He then continues and states, â€Å"Christianity inherited†¦not only a concept of time†¦but also a striking story of creation.† This story, and the beliefs of Christianity, â€Å"†¦not only established a dualism of man and nature but also insisted that it is God’s will that man exploit nature for his proper ends.† This belief does have some fact in it, and I do not believe it is the most misguided portion of this reading, however it is still incorrect. It is wrong in the fact that the entire picture isn’t painted and Lynn White is allowing a narrow focus of Christianity to cloud his judgment on the bigger picture. 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Essay about To Kill a Mockingbird - 2197 Words

English essay on To Kill a Mockingbird In To Kill a Mockingbird Atticus finch is presented as a respectable well-known man. Before Atticus Finch there was a customary tradition at the Finchs landing, which has been in place since Simon Finch made it his home and died there. The customary tradition was the men in the family remained on Finchs landing and made their living from cotton. In the twentieth century Atticus Finch went to Montgomery to read law and John Hale Finch, Atticus younger brother studied medicine in Boston. Atticus later lived in Maycomb County, where he began his practice. Maycomb was only 20 miles from the Finchs landing. Atticus has a sister called Alexandra and two young children, Scout and her†¦show more content†¦Later Jem stops Scouts fight with Walter Cunningham and they end up inviting him to dinner. At dinner Atticus treats Walter like he was a friend, like any respectable gentlemen should. This is a strange experience for scout as she see the Cunninghams as not as respectable as her family. After scouts day at school, she and Atticus start talking about school and scout tells her father, if I keep on goin to school, we cant ever read any more, after, talking about it Atticus decides on a compromise. The compromise being if youll concede the necessity of going to school. Well go on reading every night just as we always have. Atticus tells scout that she shouldnt say anything about their agreement, as it might be disliked. One summer was ending and being Dills last night he, Jem and scout decided to go and have a look through the window of the Radley place. When they ran for home scout trips in the collard patch. The next thing they herd was a gunshot. Escaping the garden Jem had to leave behind his pants. The children return to find everyone outside the Radleys garden, it didnt take Atticus long to ask the where abouts of Jems pants. Dill quickly tells Atticus they had been playing strip poker and Jem had lost his pants to him. Later when Jem knows his fathers asleep he gets ready to retrieve his pants, as he doesnt want to get whipped for going against his father, because for as longShow MoreRelatedTo Kill a Mockingbird1286 Words   |  6 PagesTo Kill A Mockingbird Essay Reading broadens our minds and touches our hearts. It creates greater understanding and compassion in the reader through its characters and themes. Write an essay that addresses the ideas expressed in this statement with reference to your class novel. â€Å"You never really understand a person, until you climb into his skin and walk around in it.† With over 30 million copies sold worldwide and claiming title to the prestigious Pulitzer Prize, â€Å"To Kill a Mockingbird† isRead MoreTo Kill a Mockingbird1091 Words   |  5 PagesTo Kill a Mockingbird Mockingbirds are birds that does one thing; Making music for us to enjoy and nothing else to harm us. In the remarkable novel To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee, the mockingbird is used as symbolism for real people. Including the human mockingbirds, the novel represents other pieces of the prejudice such as racism and hypocrisy. In the little town of Maycomb in its 1930 ¡Ã‚ ¯s, the prejudice was an accepted concept for every individual and Atticus even called it a  ¡Ã‚ ®disease ¡Ã‚ ¯Read MoreTo Kill a Mockingbird977 Words   |  4 PagesLiterary Analysis for To Kill a Mockingbird â€Å"There’s something in our world that makes men lose their heads- they couldn’t be fair if they tried. In our courts, when it’s a white man’s word against a black man’s word, the white always wins. They’re ugly, but these are the facts of life.† ************ Along with the main theme of the story, racism, there are multiple other themes that are represented in the story. These include: the coexistence of good and evil, and importance of mortal educationRead MoreTo Kill a Mockingbird949 Words   |  4 PagesChristina Puerto Ms. Weninger Period: 1 To Kill a Mockingbird: Chapter 5 -Where do Scout and Jem start finding gifts? Jem and Scout find gifts in the knothole of the tree. -What do they find? List all the items. They find sticks of gum, 2 Indian head pennies, a pocket watch, 2 soap carved dolls, twine, and a spelling bee medal. -Jem decided they could continue playing their game if they did what? Jem decided they could continue playing their game if they changed the name of the charactersRead MoreTo Kill a Mockingbird618 Words   |  2 Pagesand Prejudice In the book To Kill a Mockingbird Atticus tells Jem and Scout to shoot at tins cans in the backyard. He goes on to say, â€Å" Shoot all the blue jays you want, if you can hit ‘em, but remember it’s a sin to kill a mocking bird.† â€Å"(Lee 103)†Miss Maudie explains it to the kids and says, â€Å" Mockingbirds don’t do one thing but make music for us to enjoy. They don’t do one thing but to sing their hearts out for us. That’s why it’s a sin to kill a mockingbird.† â€Å"(103)† In the story there areRead MoreTo Kill a Mockingbird1617 Words   |  7 PagesTo Kill a Mocking Bird â€Å"Cry about the simple hell people give other people- without even thinking† My considered opinion of this novel in the light of this comment. If Harper Lee had limited her portrayal of prejudice and discrimination merely to the trial of Tom Robinson, a victim of the most virulent form of racial prejudice, â€Å"To Kill a Mockingbird† would probably be little more than a historical footnote. Wisely, though, Lee managesRead MoreTo Kill a Mockingbird891 Words   |  4 Pagesbelongs to a very, very small minority. He is one of the very few human beings who does not hate Hitler. Of course, he does not like the universally hated historical figure, but merely dislikes him. This is a major theme of Harper Lee’s novel To Kill A Mockingbird. One can never, without exception, hate a man. Harper Lee promotes the idea that hatred is never acceptable by creating situations with literary devices like characters, settings, and plots that demand empathy. When Bob Ewell first takes theRead MoreTo Kill a Mockingbird903 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"What lies behind you and what lies in front of you, pales in comparison to what lies inside of you† (Ralph Waldo Emerson). To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee is a novel about people in the 30’s who show a number of different themes. Firstly, maturity is shown a lot near the end of the novel and during Tom Robinson’s trial. Secondly, racism is a huge part of this novel because a lot of people were judgemental and didn’t approve other races. Lastly, loyalty appears throughout the novel, especiallyRead MoreTo Kill a Mockingbird668 Words   |  3 Pagestalk Heck Tate, the sheriff, out of calling the death an accident—Atticus’s standards are firm, and he does not want his son to have unfair protection from the law. 2. Analyze the trial scene and its relationship to the rest of the novel. To Kill a Mockingbird  explores the questions of innocence and harsh experience, good and evil, from several different angles. Tom Robinson’s trial explores these ideas by examining the evil of racial prejudice, its ability to poison an otherwise admirable SouthernRead MoreTo Kill a Mockingbird1764 Words   |  8 PagesHalle Vanderlinde Monday December 17th 2012 ENG3U1 – Literary/Historical Essay Assignment To Kill A Mockingbird Ms.Prasow Harper Lee’s To Kill a Mockingbird incorporates historically accurate material into an otherwise fictional story. Drawing upon current events, social conditions, and attitudes prevalent in the United States during the 1930s, the novel’s setting, characters

Lean Materials Planning and Execution †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Lean Materials Planning and Execution. Answer: Introduction Learning is a never ending process in which the student can acquire knowledge through studying independently in which the learning process takes place through motivating own self by enabling the inbuilt skills to understand and implement the knowledge. In this report, emphasis has been laid upon the ways in which learning takes place with the help of the peers and their experiences. Peer to peer learning is a new concept and it involves the student involvement and collaboration with the fellow students at the work place or an institution. Through proper engagement with other students and co-workers, the pace at which a particular task has to be understood increases (Rinto, Watts and Mitola, 2017). Whenever a particular activity has to be understood, there are different ways of performing management. Since, everybody has a different approach to accomplish it, there is a range of opinions shared between individuals which helps the individual to be creative and innovative (Guilmette, 20 07). Once the learning process is well understood and many ways to address a task are identified, the learner acquires the knowledge with a lot of interest and the speed at which it learns increases. It is essential to develop responsibility in the learners mind so that the planning to execute the particular task is done efficiently. The more the planning is clear; the better is the execution of the activity. Fostering peer to peer learning is the best way to inculcate independent learning which means that developing skills to find ways to work independently along with efficient collaboration and engagement with the fellow students. Knowledge is a repository of different point of views and different opinions which needs to be implemented using a flexible tactic i.e. learning through peers. When the willingness of achieving a goal is shared between many learners then the outcome is very accurate. This is due to the reason because one might not know what the other person knows about an issue. Combination of learning ability of different individuals develops a sense of initiative in the learners mind (Topping, Buchs, Duran and Keer, 2017). Motivating own self to gather information and come out with the idea encourages ability to exchange feedbacks, question each other on matters misunderstood which further enhances understanding at a deeper level. The individual when understands a concept in detail builds an ability to think more. This helps the learner to be more independent in taking initiative and be more proactive in identifying ways to remember things. In addition to this, learning from peers helps an individual to self-assess the style of learning and understanding because the feedbacks and others way to solve a particular problem help in making a comparison to own style of solving (Boud, David, Cohen and Sampson, 2014). The individual realises its shortcomings to address a particular task and tries to make improvements proactively through self-analysis and motivation management. The term independence in this context reveals that the individual through keen observation, questioning and sharing of knowledge develops confidence to carry out any activity by taking initiative to outperform in the area of improvement with the help of collaboration, group work and exchange of knowledge. Along with self-assessment and monitoring, the learner also encounters instances when it is given an opportunity to provide a comment to other peers on their way of executing a plan. When a person gets a chance to make a judgement for others work, the individual develops leadership skills in the learning process which is very essential in todays work environment. Having a skill set when other peer support and follow your ideas is equally important to monitoring own performance. This helps in exchanging knowledge with an open mind which encourages a learning environment in any organisation or an institution (Mullings, 2015). Apart from attaining good knowledge and developing initiative along with innovation, the learner becomes more empathetic which is also a part of independent learning. The individual becomes a team player rather than learning in isolation. Knowledge and learning is not limited to own self and the exposure to know the efforts of others gets enhanced too. In case there is an instance when a fellow student is not in a position to take initiative to take up an activity, then there is an understanding developed between peers to help each other which helps in attainment of better planning. Unity and team building ability is a very essential tool to achieve independent learning. When a work or a goal is distributed and allocated between the people then, there is an integration of various ideas, thoughts and methods leading to active learning (Brame and Biel, 2015). The source of getting information about a specific issue or objective gets widened and the learners feel the support of others i n gathering various point of views. Flexibility and adjustment is another very important characteristic which fosters independent learning. This is due to the fact because the learning or acquiring knowledge to perform takes place beyond the limitation of traditional way of working and thinking. When the information is shared it tends to nurture and flourish with the help of new approaches and methods gathered from shared efforts (Bushra, 2012). This inculcates the habit to make required changes as and when required in a particular thought process. The imagination and thinking ability of an individual widens and the learner embraces new challenges. This encourages the person to be more confident and self-reliant because his acceptance to face challenges independently increases. The process of flexibility in execution deals with a matter of great delicacy as it includes ones mind over putting thoughts into practicality (Sheldon 2007) Efficient Utilization of Fellow students Experience There is a big difference in acquiring information or understanding a concept theoretically and practically. Whenever a learner is challenged to accomplish a target, than it is evident that an experienced person would be able to handle it promptly in comparison to a new learner who is never performed it practically before. Therefore, learning with the help of peers through efficient utilization of others past experience is the best way to encourage learning. This further means that when an individual takes help of his colleague or a fellow student who is well equipped with the know-how and methodology to carry out a task, then the learner is enabled with finding out concepts which have scientific reasons behind them (Hernandez, 2010). These scientific reasons are already tested and proven as the concepts are practiced in the daily routine activities. This is due to the reason because an experienced individual has already learned and rectified his past mistakes (Wiggins, 2017). Going further, generalisations and conclusions are well identified based upon the shared experiences between a new and an experienced learner. This type of learning helps in mastering a particular concept. In order to attain expertise and specialization, in a particular area with the help of detailed study and exchange of ideas, it is essential to make the best out of the experiences of the fellow students (Nolte, 2016). There are many methods of utilization of experience of others. The most efficient way is effective communication amongst the learners or fellow students. Communicating in the form of clarification, argument, discussion and justification are the methods to explain any point. Whenever peer to peer learning takes place, the students get an opportunity to utilize the experience of fellow students with the help of explaining own way of perceiving to other students. This is done with the help of communication techniques stated above. These techniques enhance the students a bility to counter others opinions in case of any contradiction leading to development of learning ability. Giving justification to clarify and taking responsibility for any thought given by the student helps in independent learning. In addition, it is the experiences of other fellow students which further lead to create more ideas in the mind to give an argument, discussion or a conclusion (Falchikov, 2013). Through exchange of each others contributions in terms of their practical capabilities and expertise, students are able to develop an ability to debate, question and find better solutions to the problems as they learn from the past mistakes rectified by the other students. There are instances when students come across situations which disagree with their point of view. By observing and utilising the fellow students experiences, it is possible to gain an understanding and insight as to how to deal with such situations. Therefore, through exploring on areas where there is confusion with the help of others experiences is an efficient way of attaining a skill set like thinking at a higher level based on rectification of past errors (Buchem, 2014). Conclusion Learning and gaining knowledge in the form of collaborative efforts of students help in allowing a comfort of attaining team work. No task can be successful unless the concepts, ideas from various sources are gathered together and discussions are done upon them. This is the most efficient ways to inculcate active learning in the student as the best solution out of variety of solutions is derived with the help of combined learning. Learning through peers gives an opportunity to explore, develops an ability to think and question. The teaching process is better attained when one student tries to explain its approach of carrying out a task to another. This leads to an exchange of different ways and approaches to handle a situation leading clarify any doubts, miscommunication and misunderstandings. References Boud, David, Cohen, R., and Sampson, J. 2014. Peer Learning in Higher Education: Learning from and with Each Other. UK: Routledge, Pp. 21-35. Brame, C. J., and Biel, R. 2015. Group work: Using cooperative learning groups effectively. Accessed on: 30th September, 2017. Accessed from: https://cft.vanderbilt.edu/guides-sub-pages/setting-up-and-facilitating-group-work-using-cooperative-learning-groups-effectively/ Buchem, I. 2014. Learning and Diversity in the Cities of the Future. UK: Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH, p. 258. Bushra, 2012. Advantages And Disadvantages Of Pair And Group Work. Accessed on: 1st October, 2017. Accessed from: https://www.tutorhunt.com/resource/3199/ Falchikov, N. 2013. Improving Assessment through Student Involvement: Practical Solutions for Aiding Learning in Higher and Further Education. UK: Routledge. Guilmette, J. H. 2007. The Power of Peer Learning: Networks and Development Cooperation. US: IDRC, p. 16. Hernandez, R. 2010. Benefits and Challenges of using self and peer assessment. Accessed on: 1st October, 2017. Accessed from https://www.ucd.ie/t4cms/UCDTLA0033-1.pdf Mullings, C. 2015. Developing independent learning skills to improve outcomes. Accessed on: 30th September, 2017. Accessed from: https://blog.irisconnect.com/uk/9-tips-for-encouraging-students-to-become-independent-learners/ Nolte, B. 2016. Collegiate Entrepreneurship Learning through sharing and Collaboration. Accessed on: 30th September, 2017. Accessed from: https://universityinnovationfellows.org/learningthroughsharingandcollaboration/ Rinto, E., Watts, J., and Mitola, R. 2017. Peer-Assisted Learning in Academic Libraries. US: ABC-CLIO, pp. 1-4. Sheldon D.H. 2007. Lean Materials Planning and Execution: A Guide to Internal and External Supply Management Excellence. USA: J. Ross Publishing Topping, K., Buchs, C., Duran, D., and Keer, H. V. 2017. Effective Peer Learning: From Principles to Practical Implementation. UK: Routledge. Wiggins, G. 2017. Students Learn Best When You Do This. Accessed on: 30th September, 2017. Accessed from: https://www.teachthought.com/pedagogy/students-learn-best/

Human Growth and Development Adolescent Case Study an Example of the Topic Health Essays by

Human Growth and Development: Adolescent Case Study Introduction essay Adolescence is the period between twelve to eighteen years where physical and psychological changes take place. In this stage, the adolescents begin to accept their physique and gender role, establish relationship with age mates, become emotionally independent from their parents and families, develop intellectual and social skills, and prepare for a career and family life. Need essay sample on "Human Growth and Development: Adolescent Case Study" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed Human development is a continuous process. It does not end when a person reaches physical maturity. It continues throughout life. Developmental psychologists seek to describe and analyze the regularities of human development across the entire life span and focuses on those aspects of development that make us similar to one another (Atkinson, 1993). This paper will focus on the case study of an adolescent in relation to the cognitive, psychosexual, psychosocial, ego, and moral reasoning theories. Case Study Brian, a fifteen year old student was caught bullying his classmates and forcing them to give him their money. In the interview, Brian mentioned that he is involved with a group of teenage boys who has asked him to collect money to defray the hospital bills of one of their group members mother who was diagnosed with terminal cancer. When he was caught by school authorities, Brian blamed the societys failure to meet the medical and health care needs of the poor and he is only doing what is best for the sick and dying person. Brian is performing well in his studies and attends classes regularly. He is a basketball varsity player and has no record of using prohibited drugs. EssayLab specialists suggest: A Report On The Research Methods Of Uk Transport A Review On Thelma And Louise A Rose For Emily A Short Story By William Faulkner A Scientists Perspective On What Makes A Person A Human Being He however expresses his desire to live independently apart from his parents when he graduates from high school as they resent his relationship with his girlfriend. While in college, he aims to get a college varsity scholarship and a part-time job. When asked if he thinks it is right to rob money from others, he felt that what he did was wrong but he wants to be fully accepted by his friends. He also mentioned that his friends mother is going to die soon and he could not stand to see her suffer. Cognitive Development The progress in the cognitive areas for the adolescents usually accompanies the changes in physical development. Jean Piagets theory of cognitive development describes how people perceive, think and acquire understanding of their world through the interaction and influence of genetic and learning factors. Piaget believes that all people go through the same four stages, e.g. sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational stages (Santrock, 1990). Each of these stages is more advanced than the preceding stage because it involves new reasoning and thinking abilities. From twelve years old through adulthood, a person is in the formal operational stage which is Piagets fourth cognitive stage. In this stage, an adolescent like Brian develop thinking and reasoning similar to typical adults. Brian encounters new worlds of abstract concepts and discusses hypothetical situations and problems. He discusses ideas such as freedom, unity and love, and become more adept at solving verbal problems and examining hypothetical situations such as What will happen if everyone will rob other peoples money? Psychosexual Development Sigmund Freud hypothesized that each of us goes through five psychosexual stages, e.g. oral, anal, phallic, latency and genital stages during which the inpidual seeks pleasure from different areas of the body associated with sexual feelings (Freud, 1990). For the Freudian perspectives, a persons personality is determined by ways in which he or she resolves the psychological conflicts during the psychosexual stages of childhood and adolescence. The genital stage is the period from puberty through adulthood when the person has renewed sexual desire that is fulfilled through heterosexual pleasure such as having relationships with members of the opposite sex. Brian has established a relationship with a girl even without the approval of his parents. If Brian successfully resolves the conflicts in each psychosexual stage, he would develop a loving, healthy and mature adult personality. Psychosocial Development Erik Erikson gave us eight psychosocial stages, e.g. trust versus mistrust, autonomy versus shame and doubt, initiative versus guilt, industry versus inferiority, identity versus confusion, intimacy versus isolation, generativity versus stagnation, and integrity versus despair (Erikson 1991). These theories are based on the hypothesis that inpiduals pass through stages in which specific types of conflicts are to be resolved and the way they resolve these conflicts will influence their adult personalities. In the period of identity versus confusion, the adolescent acquires a variety of new developmental skills. Brian has a realistic perspective of life as manifested in the plans that he has expressed when he goes to college. He is aware of the conflict between his parents and his desire to have a relationship with his girlfriend and resolves the issue by considering living independently apart from his parents. Brian is behaving recklessly as he bullies other schoolmates in order to be accepted by his group. Brians inner conflict is highlighted by his desire to please his friends and to help the sick and dying person. Brian has not left behind the carefree, irresponsibility and impulsive behaviors of childhood and he has not developed the more purposeful, responsible, planned behaviors of an adult. If Brian is unsuccessful in making changes, he will not develop a sense of confidence, values and a positive identity. He will also experience role confusion, which will result in low self-esteem and will become socially withdrawn. Ego Development Jane Loevinger has described seven stages of ego development, e.g. pre-social or symbiotic, impulsive, self-protective, conformist, conscientious, and integrated wholeness (Loevinger 1976). Loevinger claimed that some adolescents personalities reflect more advanced stages of ego development than some adults. The first two stages, pre-social and impulsive, are observed in childhood. The next stage, self-protective, is present in adolescents. These inpiduals tend to be manipulative, desire to protect themselves and follow rules only when it is to their advantage. In the fourth stage, the adolescent manifest a conformist character which is characterized by a desire to obey rules, to be accepted and to be happy. Those who have reached the fifth stage have the conscientious character. They are self-conscious, reflective, concern with self-respect and have their own standards of excellence. At the sixth stage, the person has an autonomous character, a strong sense of inpiduality and a desire to deal with inner conflict. At the integrated wholeness level, the person has reconciled inner conflicts, renounced unattainable goals and has a deep regard for inpiduality. Brian is in the self-protective stage as he blames the societys failure to offer proper medical and health care needs to the poor when he was caught bullying other students. He is also manipulative as he claimed to be doing what is best for the sick and dying person. He has not shown any ego traits that are expected in a higher level of ego development. Moral Reasoning Development Lawrence Kohlberg (1984) has classified moral reasoning into a three level, six-stage theory, e.g. preconventional, conventional, and postconventional. Kohlberg claimed that everyone progresses through the levels in order, from lowest to highest, and not everyone reaches the highest level of moral development. Most adolescents are at the intermediate level which is known as the conventional level of moral reasoning. At this stage, the adolescent desires to live up to others expectation, to internalize societys standards and to fulfill their duties and responsibilities. In addition, they are more concerned with concepts like fairness and are able to empathize with other people. Before passing any judgment, they examine other peoples perspectives and are more concern with the welfare of the group instead of focusing on their personal gain. In the case of Brian, he is trying to live up to his friends expectations and fulfill his duties to his friends. He has shown concern with the welfare of other people but he has not thought about the consequences of his actions. At stage 3 in the conventional level, moral decisions are guided by conforming to the standards of others we value. At stage 4, moral reasoning is determined mostly by conforming to the laws of society. Currently, Brian is at stage 3 since he has bullied his schoolmates and got their money because that is what his friends expected him to do. If he is at stage 4, he might say that he should not steal the money because he would carefully thought of what would happen to society if everybody took what they needed. Conclusion Cognitively, Brians thinking and reasoning ability is similar to a typical adult. His relationship with his girlfriend and his ability to resolve conflicts in each of Freuds psychosexual stage will lead to the development of a mature personality. Brian lacks the psychosocial development that is expected of an adolescent as he remains attached to his peers and could not resolve the conflict between pleasing his friends and doing what is right. This is a manifestation of a low self-esteem and a carefree and impulsive behavior. However, he has taken the issue of the conflict between his parents and his desire to have a relationship with his girlfriend seriously as he plans to live independently after high school. When Brian was caught bullying his schoolmates, he did not confront his action and face its consequence. Instead, he blamed societys failure to offer proper medical and health care needs to the poor, a typical manipulative behavior in the self-protective stage of the ego development. Brians moral decisions are guided by his desire to please his friends and meet their expectations. He has not thought about the result of his actions and its negative effect to himself, to others and to the society. Bibliography Atkinson, R.L., R.C. Atkinson, E.E. Smith, D.J. Bem, and S. Nolen-Hoeksema (1993). Introduction to psychology. Orlando, FL: Hancourt Brace and Company. Erikson, E.H. (1991). Children and society. New York:W.W. Norton and Company. Freud, S. (1990). The psychopathology of everyday life. New York: W.W. Norton and Company, Inc. Kohlberg, L. (1984). The psychology of moral development: Essay on moral development. Vol.11. San Francisco: Harper and Row. Loevinger, J. (1976). Ego development: Conceptions and theories. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Santrock, J.W. (1990). Children. 2nd ed. Dubuque, Iowa: Wm. C. Brown Communication, Inc.

Wealth Tax Essays

Wealth Tax Essays Wealth Tax Paper Wealth Tax Paper Accepting the recommendations of N. Kaldor to introduce â€Å"integrated direct tax system† in India, Wealth Tax Act, 1957 was enacted. The Act was amended from time to time. The major objective of wealth tax has been attainment of equity objective of tax policy because wealth is considered as the major source of inequalities. The wealth taxation in India is applicable to all citizens of the country and is also called the wealth tax act, 1957. This is also considered to be direct taxes of the country. It is paid on the benefits of property ownership and the person who owns the property has to pay for the wealth tax for the time period for which he retains the ownership. It must be noted that the person has to pay for wealth tax even if it is not gaining any income. Reasons for levying Wealth Tax The wealth tax act is important direct tax legislation. It is a tax on the benefits derived from property ownership. Stated objectives behind introduction of bill for wealth tax were (a) That it would reduce the possibility of tax evasion (b) That it would take into account the taxpaying capacity of an individual (c) That it had a large measure of egalitarianism built into it both conceptually and operationally without disincentive effect. Levy of wealth tax was described as a measure to alter the tax structure in a way that would ensure more effective and at the same time a more equitable basis for taxation. Who to pay for the Wealth Tax in India The person who pays for the wealth tax is called an assesses and he may belong to the categories mentioned below: * A Hindu undivided family * Non corporate taxpayers * A representative of dead individual, or administrator and the executor * A Company * An agent of Non-resident * A body of individuals or as association of persons It should be noted that the tax will be considers on the total income earned from the collections of joint family in case of a Hindu Undivided Family. However, in case of non-corporate payers, they are supposed to pay the tax as per the existing tax rate as their accounts are being audited. Incidence of Wealth Tax Incidence of tax in the case of an individual depends upon his residential status and nationality. The scope of liability to wealth tax is as follows: (a) In the case of an individual who is a citizen of India and resident in India, a resident HUF and company resident in India; Wealth tax is chargeable on net wealth comprising of All assets in India and outside India; * All debts in India and outside India are deductible in computing the net wealth. (b) In the case of an individual who is a citizen of India but non-resident in India or not ordinarily resident in India, HUF, non-resident or not ordinarily resident in India and a company non-resident in India; * All assets in India except loan and debts interest whereon is exempt from income-tax under section 10 of the Income-Tax Act are chargeable to tax. All debts in Indi a are deductible in computing the net wealth. * All assets and debts outside India are out of the scope of Wealth Tax Act. (c) In the case of an individual who is not a citizen of India whether resident, non-resident or not ordinarily resident in India: Same as in (b) Wealth Tax Chargeable Assets Below mentioned are the assets on which the wealth tax has to be paid by the assesses: * Guesthouses, urban farmhouse, residential house and commercial property. * Automobiles for person purposes. Precious items such as utensils, bullions, jewellery and furniture. * Aircrafts, Yachts and boats which are used for non-commercial purposes. * For the cash in hand which exceeds 50,000 for Hindu undivided families and individuals. * Urban land which is under the authority of cantonment board or municipality and having a population over 10,000. The following are not regarded as assets while computing the wealth tax:- * A residential real estate property that has been allocated to a full time emplo yee by ither the company or the director or an officer with a gross yearly salary lesser than 5 lakh rupees * A commercial or residential real estate property that is part of a stock-in-trade process * Commercial real estate property being used for official or business purposes * A residential property that has been put on hire for a minimum of 300 days in the immediately earlier year * A commercial complex or establishment * A land where construction is illegal * A land where the building has been set up with approval from proper authorities * An unused land owned for industrial purposes. However, the land should remain unused for 2 years after acquisition * A land that has been owned by an assessee for 5 years as a stock-in-trade According to the section 4(l) (a) of the Wealth Tax Act, 1957 following are regarded as deemed assets: * Assets transferred between spouses * Assets transferred as per revocable transfer * Assets owned by minors. If a specially-abled child owns any asset it will not be grouped with his or her parents’ net income and will be assessed separately * Assets provided to son’s wife or to another person or group of individuals for the benefit of son’s wife. Asset that has been transferred to an individual or a group of people. This transfer must benefit the providers or their spouses in either short or long term Exemptions: (a) Wealth-tax need not be paid in respect of one house of an individual/ HUF or on a plot of land which does not exceed 500 square metres. (b) No tax need to be paid on any residential property that is let o ut for a minimum of 300 days in the relevant previous year, nor on any property which is held for business purposes. (c) Motor cars that are held by an assesses for running them on hire or held as stock in trade are also not liable to wealth-tax. d) The same applies to jewellery that is held as stock in trade for the purpose of business. (e) Assets such as investment in fixed deposits, shares or intangible property are not subject to wealth tax in India. (f) Property held under a trust or other legal obligation for any public purpose of a charitable or religious nature  in India subject to the  satisfaction of the stipulated conditions. Valuation Date Wealth Tax is levied on the net wealth of a person as on a particular date. This date is known as valuation date. The valuation date is the last day of the previous year relevant to the assessment year. Hence, valuation date is March 31, immediately preceding the assessment year. Calculation of Wealth Tax Taxable value of the assets  = Value of assets as on March 31 Debts owed against the assets principally, wealth tax is levied on non-productive assets of assesses. Thus the assets listed above used for commercial purposes  will be excluded from taxation. Wealth Tax Rates in India The maximum marginal rate of wealth tax, applicable to net wealth above Rs 15 lakh was quite high at 8 per cent till the year 1975-76. It was drastically reduced to 2. 5 per cent the following year 1976-77. In a reversal of policy of low rates, it was reduced to 3. 5 per cent in 1977-78 and further up to 5 per cent in 1979-80. In 1985-86, it was again lowered to 2 per cent and made applicable to net wealth over Rs 20 lakh. In 1992-93, it was further reduced to 1 per cent. Flat rate of 1 per cent on wealth exceeding Rs. 15 lakh. Tax rate is 1 per cent on amount by which ‘net wealth’ exceeds Rs 30 lakhs from AY 2010-11. (Till 31-3-2009, the limit was Rs 15 lakhs). No surcharge or education cess is payable. The Tax Reforms Committee,1991, suggested that wealth tax should be charged at the flat rate of 1 per cent with a basic exemption of Rs. 5 lakh instead of the then existing Rs 5 lakh. These recommendations were accepted and incorporated in the Financed Act, 1992. Thus following the recommendation of the Tax Reforms Committee, 1991, the scope of wealth tax both in terms of base and rate was drastically reduced, presently wealth tax has only decorative value for the statute b ook. Tax Reform Committee 1991, recommended tax on wealth should be abolished in respect of all items of wealth other than those which can be regarded as unproductive forms of wealth or other items whose possession and use could legitimately be discouraged in the social interest. The Committee also recommended wealth tax at the rate of one per cent of value of taxable items of wealth. Thus wealth tax shifted from wealth to unproductive assets. Since wealth tax is based on current market value of unproductive assests, valuation involves disputes. As a result, the administrative and compliance cost of the tax has been much higher. In view of the meagre revenue and problems of administration and compliance the Task Force on Direct Taxes, 2002 recommended the abolition of wealth tax. As Bhoothalingham Committee reported,† the wealth tax system should continue if for no reason then for ensuring in the long term that income tax is properly administered†. The share of wealth tax has always been less than one per cent and even if it is abolished the revenue impact will not be much. But it serves the objective of reducing inequalities and also provides a mechanism through which evasion of income tax can be minimized. Annexure -I YEAR| Wealth TaxRs in Crore| Percentage of GDP| Percentage of GTR| Percentage of Direct Tax| Growth| 1990-91| 231| 0. 04| 0. 40| 2. 0| -| 991-92| 307| 0. 04| 0. 45| 2. 0| 32. 9| 1992-93| 468| 0. 06| 0. 62| 2. 5| 52. 4| 1993-94| 154| 0. 01| 0. 20| 0. 75| -67. 1| 1994-95| 165| 0. 01| 0. 11| 0. 38| -31. 8| 1995-96| 74| 0. 006| 0. 06| 0. 22| -29. 5| 1996-97| 78| 0. 005| 0. 006| 0. 21| 5. 4| 1997-98| 113| 0. 007| 1. 13| 0. 23| 44. 8| 1998-99| 162| 0. 009| 0. 11| 0. 34| 43. 3| 1999-00| 133| 0. 006| 0. 07| 0. 22| -17. 9| 2000-01| 132| 0. 006| 0. 06| 0. 19| -0. 75| 2001-02| 135| 0. 005| 0. 07| 0. 19| 2. 2| 2002-03| 154| 0. 006| 0. 07| 0. 18| 14. 0| 2003-04| 136| 0. 004| 0. 05| 0. 12| -11. 6| 2004-05| 145| 0. 004| 0. 04| 0. 10| 6. 6| 2005-06| 250| 0. 06| 0. 06| 0. 15| 72. 4| 2006-07| 265| 0. 006| 0. 05| 0. 12| 6. 0| 2007-08| 315| 0. 006| 0. 05| 0. 10| 18. 8| 2008-09| 380| | | | | Source: Government of India; Economic Survey, various issues In 1990-91, the collection of wealth tax was Rs 231 crore and it contributes 2. 09 per cent to direct tax. The collection increased to Rs 468 crore in 1992-93 and contribution to direct tax reaches to 2. 5 per cent. Afterwards the revenue collection from the wealth tax decreased and also the contribution to direct tax decreased. In 1995-96, the revenue collection from wealth tax was only Rs 74 crore. After 1995-96, the wealth tax collection was increased but very slowly and contribution of wealth tax to GDP and direct tax was negligible, because of small revenue from wealth tax the Task Force on Direct Taxes, 2002 recommended the abolition of wealth tax. The growth of wealth tax was also very slow. In most of the years the growth rate was negative. The revenue collection from wealth tax in 2006-07 was Rs 265 crore and the share of wealth tax to direct tax was only 0. 12 per cent. In 2007-08 the revenue collection increased to Rs 315 crore and the share of wealth tax to direct tax decreased to 0. 10 per cent.

Strategies for healthcare Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Strategies for healthcare - Essay Example Our tactful management charts small term and long term plans to effectively meet the set targets and enhance profitability in every quarter. Targeting our corporate clients we try and imbibe the latest technology and best medical practices to give them high quality services. We invest heavily in research and technologies to ensure expedite medicinal services to our clients. We ensure a streamlined functioning of various departments and absolute coordination between them so as to get the maximum output. Our investments and services are directed towards achieving overall growth as an organization, via customer satisfaction. We have a vision of coupling technology and human expertise to offer world class health services and to realize it, the support and appreciation of our customers in imperative for us. Hence we imbibe extremely user-friendly technology and highly motivated work force to make sure that our clients are completely satisfied with our services. Well planned investments in novel technology and research have only brought us more laurels and better returns with every passing year. From routine checkups to emergency situations we are well equipped to meet all with full competence and are thus regarded as a trustworthy name in the industry. Employees can be t

Marriage is a private affair ( by Chinua Achebe) Research Paper

Marriage is a private affair ( by Chinua Achebe) - Research Paper Example On the other hand, Igbo village is the symbol of ancient and rigid traditions. Encapsulating within the compass of a fascinating saga of love, â€Å"Marriage is a Private Affair† by Chinua Achebe, presents a conflict of old and new at different realms of life and include social, psychological and cultural perspectives. Thesis Statement The pieces of Achebe are stuffed into realism and his story; â€Å"Marriage is a Private Affair† is not an exception either. To evolve the realism in the story, Achebe employs myriad devices and techniques. This essay intends to give a detailed exposition to the thought process of Achebe and his devices used in the realm of physical, psychological and cultural elements in order to achieve realism in the story. Physical Reality Employed in the Story Achebe in his story, â€Å"Marriage is a Private Affair† tries to evoke the physical reality that appeals to all the five senses of a human being. On the plane of this appeal to the five senses, Achebe achieves the physical reality in the story. This technique of Achebe is much inspired from the romantic poetry, especially that of Keats. The only difference is the variation in consequence that the appeals at respective planes have manifested. In Romantic Poetry, there was a sheer feeling of ecstasy and here the technique is employed to generate realism in the story. All the senses of sight, smell, taste, sound and touch are evoked throughout the story to make it real and relate it to all the senses of mankind operating throughout. The sense of sight is evoked through the detailed description of the beauty and the good manners of the woman, whom Nnaemeka’s father selects to marry. Here the usage of words and its representations are so strong that the sense is perfectly evoked through mere words: â€Å"I have found a girl who will suit you admirably—Ugoye Nweke, the eldest daughter of our neighbor, Jacob Nweke. She has a proper Christian upbringing. Wh en she stopped schooling some years ago her father (a man of sound judgment) sent her to live in the house of a pastor where she has received all the training a wife could need. Her Sunday school teacher has told me that she reads her Bible very fluently.† Nnaemeka, further narrates his acquaintance with the girl, â€Å"He remembered Ugoye quite well, an Amazon of a girl who used to beat up all the boys, himself included, on the way to the stream, a complete dunce at school.† These words suggest the visual imagery to the plane of realism where the light on the character of Nnaemeka is further revealed strongly (Achebe, â€Å"Marriage Is a Private Affair†). The appeal of sight and smell is evoked through the description of the women of Ibo tribes in maintaining their household. Along with it, the good food that the Ibo women cook and its detailed description project the appeal of sight and smell. The sense of hearing is made pertinent through the literal audible s ilence that the readers go through after the confession of Nnaemeka (to marry Nene Atang) to his father Okeke, â€Å"I shall never see her,† was the reply. From that night the father scarcely spoke to his son. This feeling of gloomy silence which posses more sense of threat than Okeke’s thundering speeches evokes a true scene of hearing which can be perceived through the

Over View Of Implementing Benchmarking Program In Company Marketing Essay

Over View Of Implementing Benchmarking Program In Company Marketing Essay Benchmarking is one aspect of performance management that is used to check and analysis the activities and elements of any organization. It is used to search for best practices of any activity that organizations needs to develop. Moreover, it is not an independent technique as it is considered to be a natural progression from the implementation of total quality management. Successful organizations assess themselves against the best in their category and benchmarking is used as tool for doing that. Benchmarking Implementation: In order to implement performance management system in an organization it is important to do a benchmarking. As a senior manager in a telecommunication company (Etisalat) I was requested to by the CEO to do a benchmarking program to improve the performance of the company as it is fallen below target. The performance point that I was requested to check is the customer satisfaction that was fallen below the expected target that was set by the companys management based on the latest survey done on the market and decrease in number of subscribers, who moved their service to the other market competitor. The benchmarking process does not vary significantly with the three categories of partners selected: internal organisations, direct competitors, or non-competitors. Therefore I am going to compare the customer satisfaction in the telecom company with Emirates Airlines. The reason why I choose Emirates Airlines is that it is a very large multi-destination flight company with a very large number of passengers. Etisalat was established in 1976 with a low number of landline subscribers and increased to 100 million subscribers in the world. Emirates Airlines established in 1985 with 260,000 passengers that year. The number of passengers increased dramatically to 27 million till March 2010 and 108 world destinations. That shows how customers with the service provided by Emirates Airlines in a short period and while other big airlines are going bankrupt during the world financial crises. The reason why we should go for benchmarking is to improve methodologies that result in high productivity and lower costs. Benchmarking is particularly helpful in validating proposals for change. Moreover, it often results in creative imitation and the adoption of new practices that overcome previous industry barriers. Furthermore, this search for diversity and for innovative breakthroughs applied. There are eight steps in order to do a benchmarking are: Select the subject. Forming the team and the project road map. Performance indicators and drivers. Selecting partner. Data collection. Analysis. Integration and action. Benchmarking process: Select the subject Based on the point highlighted by Etisalats CEO, there is a problem in the customers satisfaction that was targeted this year. Customer satisfaction is a measure of how products and services supplied by a company meet customer expectation Based on the market survey and problem investigation, we found that problem is due to the following: Quality of service. Customer support. Incident handling. Productivity. Pricing. After investigation and looking at the problem from another angle, we found the reason beyond losing customers satisfaction is concentrating on the development projects and reducing the operational costs in order not to lower down the impact of the world financial crises and compete with the competitor (du) from productivity point of view. In order to solve the problem of losing customer satisfaction, a movement has to be done in order to provide more qualitative after sale service and that can be done by spending more on developing the operational processes and spending more on operations as well as the employees as employees satisfaction is the key towards customers satisfaction. Moreover I am going to concentrate on Etisalat customers satisfaction in the UAE only. Forming the team and the project road map A team needs to be formed and a project road map developed. These are integral activities in the subject selection step. The team that I created includes 5 members are experts and represent the various functions affected by the project. The teams composed of staff personnel who are capable of setting recommendations that meet significant resistance during implementation. Each team member will work on studying the each of the below causes, visit the related sections, highlight the drawbacks and set recommendations for: Quality of service. Customer support. Incident handling. Productivity. Pricing. And I am going to follow-up and manage this project as a team leader. Performance indicators and drivers This part begins with the documentation of processes and practices associated with the subject. The primary goal is to identify the vital few performance indicators that confirm superior performance and to identify those processes and practices that drive performance. This search for cause and effect will be followed by the identification and documentation of internal process variables and attributes. That is a major part that each of the team members will have to take an ownership in order to study each of the processes practices and complete its documentations. Selecting partner The selection of partners often involves the use of external data and information sources. Partners fall into two general categories: other internal units and external organisations. External organisations may include direct competitors; Industry peers that serve a different market; Companies that serve the same market in a related but different industry; Organisations outside my industry that performs similar functions. As I mentioned above, I decided to choose Emirates Airlines, an organization outside telecom industry and serve the same market. Moreover, Emirates has great initiatives to develop its services that are provided to the passengers. Therefore, Emirates Airlines is almost receiving a yearly awards for its services such as best airline from Business Traveller Middle East Awards 2009, Best In-flight Entertainment from Skytrax Airline Excellence Awards 2009, Outstanding Food Service by a Carrier Middle East 2009 from Pax International Magazine Readership Awards, etc. Data collection Data collection can be the most difficult step in the Benchmarking process. The primary objective is to gather information and data to confirm superior performance and to uncover best practices without burdening the partners with long, time-consuming data collection methods. Although data and information are collected in establishing baseline measures and in selecting partners, the majority of the data for most projects are collected in this step. The following table shows a summarized comparison between the points that lower down the customers satisfaction of Etisalat and compare it with Emirates Airlines. Etisalat Emirates Airlines Quality of service Medium High Customer support Low High Incident handling Low High Productivity High High with value added services Pricing Average High Advertisement High for newly released products High Promotions On going On sessions Loyalty program Available Available CRM Low Medium Analysis The objective of the analysis step is to identify the best performing organisation and to determine the reasons for the superior performance. The performance indicators define the benchmark standard and the gaps in performance for each participant. The processes and practices of the best organisation are the benchmark performance drivers that each partner will try to creatively imitate. Identifying this cause and effect relationship between performance drivers and the resultant measures is the most challenging part of benchmarking. When we look at the above comparison table in the data collection part, we can find that there are some differences in the services provided by the two organizations. If we start with the quality of service, we can find that Etisalat is providing medium quality of service. For example, for the old and stable services like mobile service and internet the quality is very good, but if we look at latest services like eLife the quality is very low. While in Emirates Airlines, it is always high even for new destinations. Customers support and incident handling in Etisalat is very low as the customers whenever they want to raise a complaint or have inquiry, mostly they will be forwarded from a section to another or from a call centre number to another without having a single point of contact. Moreover, whenever you dial the call center, you have to wait on the phone for more than 10 minutes till someone pick the phone and register your complaint that if it is required advance troubleshooting, the case will not be solved in less than one day and may continue for a month. On the other hand, Emirates Airlines representatives will answer your inquiries clearly and are very helpful to handle your complaints with ownership. The productivity in Etisalat is very high, however due shortage in advertisement and products information sharing for all the products, most of the products are messed by the customers and even the employees. Moreover, the advertisement done by Etisalat is only for the newly released products. However for Emirates Airlines, it is high as the customers is always loyal to the airline and may keep it as the first choice for travel anywhere and he is always expected to have more value added services in flight entertainment. The prices of Etisalat product are average compared to the quality of service provided to the customers, but the customers will always see it high as the after sale services are low. The prices of Emirates Airlines are high, but the service the passenger is receiving before, during and after the flight is high. The Customer Relationship Management (CRM) in Etisalat is very low and only done by sending updates to all customers through email and SMS for the new products. On the other, Emirates Airlines are send a monthly newsletter to all their customers by email, normal postage, to keep them updated with all the changes, offers and new destinations. Sometimes, they are requested to provide a quick feedback on a questionnaire. Integration and action The objectives of the integration and action steps are to obtain organisation buy-in, initiate projects to close gaps and implement plans developed in these projects. So based on the analyses done above the organization has to rectify the problems that leads to losing customers satisfaction. Some of the recommended suggestions are: 1. Encourage Face-to-Face Dealings 2. Respond to Messages Promptly Keep Your Clients Informed 3. Be Friendly and Approachable 4. Have a Clearly Defined Customer Service Policy 5. Attention to Detail 6. Anticipate Your Clients Needs 7. Honor your Promises To be effective, Benchmarking works best in an environment in which teamwork and management support is evident. Teams need to focus on results as measured by performance indicators, but the organisation must change the performance drivers to achieve benchmark standards. Target setting alone, without changes in the organisation culture, other structural factors, processes, and practices, can only bring temporary relief.

Money Laundering Essay -- Business Ethics

According to the U.S. Department of Justice, money laundering is the process by which one conceals the existence, illegal source, or illegal application of income and then disguises that income to make it appear legitimate. Money laundering involves a three step process which includes placement, layering and integration (Albrecht et al, 2009). Placement is the first step and it includes the launderer opening up an account at a bank or some other type of financial business to make deposits with the illegal money. The placement step is often looked at as the most risk taking step because the launderer does not know the reaction of the bank and how they are going to accept a large cash deposit. If the deposit is too large the bank can recognize it and this could be considered a red flag for the bank. The purpose of this step is to avoid the authorities and to remove the money as far away from the source as possible. The second step is called layering. This is where the launderer hides the money by opening up other accounts at other banks and makes transactions between these different accounts sometimes even in different countries. This makes it very hard to track the exact location of the money. The last step is the integration step. The money is finally used out into society and seems to be legal, legit money but it really came from an illegal crime. Theses launderers use the money to buy houses, cars and anything else that is expensive. Now these launderers have lots of money that they have obtained illegally (Albrecht et al, 2009). Money laundering is extremely important because it is not just a crime that was created overnight. This scheme took time and intelligence to be thought out. We are not dealing with dumb pe... ...money laundering? Crime school: money laundering: true crime meets the world of business and finance (pp.21-22). Buffalo, N.Y: Firefly Books. Perez, E., & Mollenkamp, C. (2010, March 18). Wachovia settles money-laundering case. The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved from http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748704059004575128062835484290.html Reuter, P. & Truman, E.M. (2004). The anti-money laundering regime. Chasing dirty money: the fight against money laundering (pp.46-48). Washington, D.C: Institute for International Economics. Statistical data – money laundering investigations. (2011). Retrieved March 20, 2011, from IRS website: http://www.irs.gov/compliance/enforcement/article/0,,id=113002,00.html Woods, B.F., (1998). The money laundering phenomenon. The art and science of money laundering (pp 1-4). Boulder, CO: Paladin Press. Money Laundering Essay -- Business Ethics According to the U.S. Department of Justice, money laundering is the process by which one conceals the existence, illegal source, or illegal application of income and then disguises that income to make it appear legitimate. Money laundering involves a three step process which includes placement, layering and integration (Albrecht et al, 2009). Placement is the first step and it includes the launderer opening up an account at a bank or some other type of financial business to make deposits with the illegal money. The placement step is often looked at as the most risk taking step because the launderer does not know the reaction of the bank and how they are going to accept a large cash deposit. If the deposit is too large the bank can recognize it and this could be considered a red flag for the bank. The purpose of this step is to avoid the authorities and to remove the money as far away from the source as possible. The second step is called layering. This is where the launderer hides the money by opening up other accounts at other banks and makes transactions between these different accounts sometimes even in different countries. This makes it very hard to track the exact location of the money. The last step is the integration step. The money is finally used out into society and seems to be legal, legit money but it really came from an illegal crime. Theses launderers use the money to buy houses, cars and anything else that is expensive. Now these launderers have lots of money that they have obtained illegally (Albrecht et al, 2009). Money laundering is extremely important because it is not just a crime that was created overnight. This scheme took time and intelligence to be thought out. We are not dealing with dumb pe... ...money laundering? Crime school: money laundering: true crime meets the world of business and finance (pp.21-22). Buffalo, N.Y: Firefly Books. Perez, E., & Mollenkamp, C. (2010, March 18). Wachovia settles money-laundering case. The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved from http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748704059004575128062835484290.html Reuter, P. & Truman, E.M. (2004). The anti-money laundering regime. Chasing dirty money: the fight against money laundering (pp.46-48). Washington, D.C: Institute for International Economics. Statistical data – money laundering investigations. (2011). Retrieved March 20, 2011, from IRS website: http://www.irs.gov/compliance/enforcement/article/0,,id=113002,00.html Woods, B.F., (1998). The money laundering phenomenon. The art and science of money laundering (pp 1-4). Boulder, CO: Paladin Press.